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In MPEG-2 video, input pictures are converted to luminance and chrominance components (YC data) before encoding. Chroma Format indicates proportion of the luminance component (Y) and two chrominance components (Cb and Cr). There are two common chroma formats 4:2:0 and 4:2:2; 4:2:0 format means the proportion between Y, Cb, and Cr is 4:1:1, and 4:2:2 format means 4:2:2. In MPEG-1 video, only 4:2:0 format is supported.

(Or more technically, defines the number of chrominance blocks in a macroblock.)

-- LeeThompson - 24 Mar 2002


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